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Estonia Women Health Information
– Reported, January 18, 2012
No data are available on contraceptive use in this country.
39% of women aged 5069 years have undergone a breast examination or mammography compared to 75% in the UK and 53% of women aged 2069 years have undergone cervical cancer screening compared to 70% in the UK.
Anaemia
There is a low risk of anaemia in people from this country (estimated prevalence 5-20%). Be alert to this possibility in recently arrived migrants, particularly for women and pre-school children, and test as clinically indicated.
Vitamin D deficiency
Sunlight is the major source of vitamin D and dark skinned individuals or those who for cultural or religious reasons cover their whole bodies when outdoors are at risk of deficiency, as are those whose diets (vegetarian/vegan) do not contain an adequate vitamin D supply.
Vitamin A deficiency
There may be a risk of vitamin A deficiency in this country.
Iodine deficiency
People from this country may be at risk of mild iodine deficiency due to inadequate intake.
TB
There is a low incidence of TB in this country (less than 40 cases/100,000).
There is a high burden of Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) TB in this country.
Routine screening is not required but testing should be considered in patients who show signs and symptoms of TB.
Local TB services should seek advice from the MDR-TB Clinical Advice Service before treating patients from this country for TB.
TB is a notifiable disease.
HIV and sexually transmitted infections
There is a high rate of HIV in this country.
All patients from this country should be offered an HIV test .
Although recent global STI data are not available, countries with high HIV rates tend to have higher rates of STIs. The range of STIs encountered in this country may vary from those in the UK.
Sexually active individuals should be offered a full sexual health screen and safer sex health promotion advice by referral to local genito-urinary medicine services.
Hepatitis B
This country has a low prevalance of hepatitis B.
All pregnant women should be offered screening for hepatitis B infection during each pregnancy.
Babies born to mothers who are hepatitis B positive should be appropriately immunised and followed-up accordingly.
Hepatitis C
This country has a higher prevalence of hepatitis C than the UK.
Enteric fever
There is a risk of typhoid infection in this country.
– WF Team