Older adults who participate weekly in many different types of leisure time activities, such as walking for exercise, jogging, swimming laps, or playing tennis, may have a lower risk of death from any cause, as well as death from cardiovascular disease and cancer, according to a new study led by researchers at the National Cancer Institute, part of the National Institutes of … [Read more...]
Body Posture Affects How Oral Drugs Absorbed by Stomach
A common, economic, and easy method of administering drugs is orally, by swallowing a pill or capsule. But oral administration is the most complex way for the human body to absorb an active pharmaceutical ingredient, because the bioavailability of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract depends on the medication's ingredients and the stomach's dynamic physiological … [Read more...]
Sleep is Linked to Heart Health
Sleep duration is now considered an essential component for ideal heart and brain health. Life's Essential 8™ cardiovascular health score replaces Life's Simple 7™, according to a new Presidential Advisory, Life's Essential 8 -- Updating and Enhancing the American Heart Association's Construct on Cardiovascular Health, published today in Circulation, the Association's flagship, … [Read more...]
Balancing Protein in Your Diet could Improve Water Quality
Protein consumption in the United States, from both plant and animal sources, ranks among the highest in the world. The study, published in the journal Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, said that if Americans ate protein at recommended amounts, projected nitrogen excretion rates in 2055 would be 27% less than they are today despite population growth. The study is … [Read more...]
The Effect of Breast Cancer Screening is Declining
Screening for breast cancer has a cost. This is shown by a Danish/Norwegian study that analysed 10,580 breast cancer deaths among Norwegian women aged 50 to 75 years. "The beneficial effect of screening is currently declining because the treatment of cancer is improving. Over the last 25 years, the mortality rate for breast cancer has been virtually halved," says Henrik … [Read more...]
Taking Vitamin D during Pregnancy Could Lower The Risk of Eczema in Babies
Taking Vitamin D supplements during pregnancy could substantially reduce the chances of babies up to a year old suffering from atopic eczema, according to a new study by University of Southampton researchers. The research, published in the British Journal of Dermatology, revealed that babies had a lower risk of developing atopic eczema in their first year if their mothers … [Read more...]
Daily Avocados Improve Diet Quality, Help Lower Cholesterol Levels, Study Finds
Eating one avocado a day for six months was found to have no effect on belly fat, liver fat or waist circumference in people with overweight or obesity, according to a new study. However, it did lead to a slight decrease in unhealthy cholesterol levels. In the randomized trial, the team -- including Penn State researchers -- also found that participants who ate avocados had … [Read more...]
Focus on Beta Cells Could be key to Preventing Type 1 diabetes
The study, published today in Cell Reports, describes how the researchers used genetic tools to knock out or delete a gene called Alox15 in mice that are genetically predisposed to developing type 1 diabetes. This gene produces an enzyme called 12/15-Lipoxygenase, which is known to be involved in processes that produce inflammation in beta cells. Deleting Alox15 in these mice … [Read more...]
Scientists Discover Key to Hepatitis A virus Replication, Show Drug Effectiveness
The viral replication cycle is crucial for a virus to spread inside the body and cause disease. Focusing on that cycle in the hepatitis A virus (HAV), UNC School of Medicine scientists discovered that replication requires specific interactions between the human protein ZCCHC14 and a group of enzymes called TENT4 poly(A) polymerases. They also found that the oral compound RG7834 … [Read more...]
Peanut Allergy Treatment Safest When Started For Infants Under 12 months, researchers find
Now they have evidence that the earlier pre-schoolers start this treatment, the better. This real-world study focused on infants younger than 12 months old and reveals that not only is oral immunotherapy effective against peanut allergies, it's even safer for this age group than it is for toddlers and older pre-schoolers. "This treatment is affordable, very safe and … [Read more...]
Long Term High-Fat Diet Expands Waistline And Shrinks Brain
New research shows that fatty foods may not only be adding to your waistline but also playing havoc with your brain. An international study led by UniSA neuroscientists Professor Xin-Fu Zhou and Associate Professor Larisa Bobrovskaya has established a clear link between mice fed a high-fat diet for 30 weeks, resulting in diabetes, and a subsequent deterioration in their … [Read more...]
How High-Intensity Interval Training can Reshape Metabolism
Scientists have shed new light on the effects that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has on human skeletal muscle, according to a study in men published today in eLife. The findings suggest that HIIT boosts the amount of proteins in skeletal muscle that are essential for energy metabolism and muscle contraction, and chemically alters key metabolic proteins. These … [Read more...]
About 3 Grams a Day of Omega-3 Fatty Acids may Lower Blood Pressure, More Research Needed
About 3 grams daily of omega-3 fatty acids, consumed in foods or supplements, appears to be the optimal daily dose to help lower blood pressure, according to a research review published today in the Journal of the American Heart Association, an open access, peer-reviewed journal of the American Heart Association. Omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and … [Read more...]
Air Pollution Linked to Adverse Outcomes in Pregnancy
A new study in mice by UCLA scientists reveals how exposure to traffic-related air pollutants causes cellular changes in the placenta that can lead to pregnancy complications and affect the health of both mother and offspring. The researchers found that the cellular changes caused by chronic exposure to air pollutants were related to immune activation by foreign substances … [Read more...]
High Fat Diet, Unregulated Athletic Exercise Endurance Enhancers Linked to Risk of Pancreatic Cancer
Researchers at the University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center have found a cell nuclear receptor activated by high fat diets and synthetic substances in unregulated athletic performance enhancers fuels the progression of precancerous pancreas lesions into pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a highly lethal form of cancer with rising occurrence, and … [Read more...]
Diabetes May Weaken Teeth and Promote Tooth Decay
People with both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are prone to tooth decay, and a new study from Rutgers may explain why: reduced strength and durability of enamel and dentin, the hard substance under enamel that gives structure to teeth. Researchers induced Type 1 diabetes in 35 mice and used a Vickers microhardness tester to compare their teeth with those of 35 healthy … [Read more...]
Target Protein For Diabetes Drug Linked to Reduced Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease
Mechanisms associated with a particular diabetes drug can also help to protect against Alzheimer's disease, a study by researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden and published in Neurology reports. The results indicate that the drug's target protein can be an interesting candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease is becoming increasingly … [Read more...]
Tracking Sleep With a Self-Powering Smart Pillow
The human body needs sleep as much as it needs food and water. Yet many people fail to get enough, causing both mind and body to suffer. People who struggle for shut-eye could benefit from monitoring their sleep, but they have limited options for doing so. In a new study in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, one team describes a potential solution: a self-powering smart … [Read more...]
How a Leaky Gut Leads to Inflamed Lungs
Why are older adults more likely to get seriously ill or even die from pneumonia? It turns out the cause may have as much to do with the gut as it does with the lungs. That's according to new research from Rachel McMahan, PhD, assistant research professor of GI, trauma, and endocrine surgery in the University of Colorado School of Medicine, and CU School of Medicine … [Read more...]
Excessive Sports Training May Have Negative Effects on Mood
To build fitness, athletes must apply stress to the body, and then through recovery, the body adapts and is able to accommodate greater stress in the next round of training. Maintaining reasonable amounts of stress and promoting recovery is essential to ameliorate the performance of athletes, as well as to prevent injuries and problems associated with … [Read more...]
Diet Type can Increase Potentially Harmful Gas in The Gut
Published in Clinical Nutrition, researchers from the University of Minnesota Medical School looked at colonic hydrogen sulfide -- a toxic gas in the body that smells like rotten eggs -- production in people in response to animal- and plant-based diet interventions. "Although the role of hydrogen sulfide has long been a subject of great interest in the pathogenesis of … [Read more...]
Large Study in Botswana Finds Daily Micronutrient Supplementation During Pregnancy Reduces Complications at Birth
Published in Lancet Global Health, the study was led by Ellen Caniglia, ScD, an assistant professor of Epidemiology in the Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, as well as investigators at the Botswana-Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. The … [Read more...]
Bye, bye, biopsy? Handheld device could Painlessly Identify Skin Cancers
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology are now developing a low-cost handheld device that could cut the rate of unnecessary biopsies in half and give dermatologists and other frontline physicians easy access to laboratory-grade cancer diagnostics. "We aren't trying to get rid of biopsies," said Negar Tavassolian, director of the Bio-Electromagnetics Laboratory at … [Read more...]
Promising Treatment For Dementia
Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a rapidly progressing destructive disease and can occur in people as young as 35 years of age. It is characterised by behavioural disturbances and personality changes and can be highly disruptive and distressing for both patients and their families. Currently there are no treatments or cures for bvFTD and typical survival … [Read more...]
Diets High in Fiber Associated with Less Antibiotic Resistance in Gut Bacteria
Microbes that have resistance to various commonly used antibiotics such as tetracycline and aminoglycoside are a significant source of risk for people worldwide, with the widely held expectation that the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) -- the term that refers to bacteria, viruses, and fungi that are resistant to antibiotics -- is likely to worsen throughout the coming … [Read more...]
Scientists Study Links Between Obesity, Age and Body Chemistry
According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data collected in 2017-18, more than 42% of U.S. adults and 19% of U.S. youths are obese. Three Clemson researchers and colleagues from the Emory University School of Medicine studied male mice that lacked the Cyp2b enzyme and how the lack of the enzyme affected the mice's metabolism. William Baldwin, a … [Read more...]
Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders Linked to Future Cardiac Events
Women who experienced complications related to developing high blood pressure, or hypertension, during pregnancy had a 63% increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease later in life, according to research funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), part of the National Institutes of Health. While hypertensive pregnancy complications previously … [Read more...]
Family Size May Influence Cognitive Functioning in Later Life
Until now fertility has not received much attention as a potential predictor of late-life cognition compared with other factors, such as education or occupation. The findings are published in the journal Demography. "Understanding the factors that contribute to optimal late-life cognition is essential for ensuring successful aging at the individual and societal levels -- … [Read more...]
Review of Pre-Eclampsia Care
Pre-eclampsia is a condition that affects up to 4% of women during pregnancy, and up to 8% of women during their lifetime. It includes high blood pressure (hypertension) and damage to a number of her body's organ systems, and remains one of the two main causes of death for pregnant and recently-pregnant women worldwide -- about 46,000 young women a year. Up to half a million … [Read more...]
A Healthy Lifestyle Helps to Prevent Gestational Diabetes in those at highest genetic risk
Researchers have developed a genetic-risk score for identifying individuals who would benefit the most from lifestyle counselling to prevent gestational and postpartum diabetes. Gestational diabetes is the most common health-related challenge during pregnancy. Today, it is diagnosed in every fifth expectant mother in Finland. Gestational diabetes has a significant impact on … [Read more...]
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