Chronic, constant stress can increase lifetime risk of heart disease and stroke, but a new survey from the American Heart Association, a global force for longer, healthier lives for all, reveals regular mealtime with others could be a simple solution to help manage stress. Of the 1,000 U.S. adults nationwide surveyed in September 2022 for the American Heart Association's … [Read more...]
Widespread Metabolic Dysregulation in Different Organs in Type 2 Diabetes
Using state of the art techniques, researchers from Uppsala University have shown that the metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes was much more disturbed than previously known, and that it varied between organs and severity of the disease. The study is a collaboration with e.g. Copenhagen University and AstraZeneca and it has been published in the journal … [Read more...]
Biological Pathways Provide Evidence For How to Overcome Barriers Limiting Cancer Immunotherapies
Researchers at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center have found a possible way to overcome barriers that block effective anti-cancer immune responses, thereby opening the potential for more effective immunotherapies in people. The findings are published in Nature. An unfavorable immune environment immediately surrounding a tumor cell is a major obstacle in using … [Read more...]
Researchers Find Tumor Microbiome Interactions may Identify New Approaches for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment
Investigators from Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, the state's leading cancer center and only National Cancer Institute-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, together with RWJBarnabas Health, examined the microbiome of pancreatic tumors and identified particular microorganisms at single cell resolution that are associated with inflammation and with poor survival. … [Read more...]
Scientists are One Step Closer to Stopping Drug-Resistant Tumors From Growing
Scientists have solved a long-standing mystery surrounding a cancer-promoting protein and how it causes tumor growth. The findings are an important step in the quest to make cancer drugs more effective since aggressive tumors often become adept at resisting drugs and other therapeutic agents. The recent discovery by a team of scientists including Benjamin Myers, PhD, an … [Read more...]
Antibiotics Given in Infancy May have Adverse Impact on Adult Gut Health.
Preterm and low birth weight babies are routinely given antibiotics to prevent, not just treat, infections, which they have a high risk of developing. A new study, published in The Journal of Physiology has found that early life exposure to antibiotics in neonatal mice has long-lasting effects on their microbiota, enteric nervous system, and gut function. This could mean that … [Read more...]
Problems Persist for Kids Exposed to Cannabis in the Womb
Children who were exposed to cannabis in the womb continue to show elevated rates of symptoms of psychopathology -- depression, anxiety and other psychiatric conditions -- even as, at ages 11 and 12, they head toward adolescence, according to research from the Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences' BRAIN Lab, led by Ryan Bogdan, associate professor in Arts & … [Read more...]
Front-Loading Calories Early in The Day Reduces Hunger but does not Affect Weight Loss
There's the old saying in dieting that one must "breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, and dine like a pauper," based on the belief that consuming the bulk of daily calories in the morning optimizes weight loss by burning calories more efficiently and quickly. But according to a new study publishing September 9 in Cell Metabolism, whether a person eats their largest meal … [Read more...]
Scientists Redefine Obesity with Discovery of Two Major Subtypes
A team led by Van Andel Institute scientists has identified two distinct types of obesity with physiological and molecular differences that may have lifelong consequences for health, disease and response to medication. The findings, published today in the journal Nature Metabolism, offer a more nuanced understanding of obesity than current definitions and may one day inform … [Read more...]
Better Screening Could Predict and Prevent Sudden Cardiac Death in Young People
Nearly nine in ten cases of sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in young people are preceded by symptoms, ECG abnormalities or a positive family history, according to a new study published this week in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Erik Börjesson of Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden, and colleagues. Those findings suggest that … [Read more...]
Muscle Models Mimic Diabetes, Inform Personalized Medicine
Abnormally high blood sugar (glucose) levels can result in Type 2 diabetes when things go awry with the body's skeletal muscle, which plays a key role in regulating glucose. Scientists are using in vitro (in a dish) skeletal muscle engineering to gain a better understanding of the complex genetic and environmental factors underlying diabetes. This involves putting lab-grown, … [Read more...]
Researchers Identify a Drug that Mimics the Effects of Exercise on Muscle and Bone in Mice
Maintaining a regular workout routine can help you look and feel great -- but did you know that exercise also helps maintain your muscles and bones? People who are unable to engage in physical activity experience weakening of the muscles and bones, a condition known as locomotor frailty. Recently, researchers in Japan have identified a new drug that may aid in the treatment of … [Read more...]
Dental Biorhythm is Associated with Adolescent Weight Gain, Study Finds
An international research team led by Dr Patrick Mahoney at Kent's School of Anthropology and Conservation discovered the biorhythm in primary 'milk' molars (Retzius periodicity [RP]) is related to aspects of physical development during early adolescence. A faster dental biorhythm produced smaller gains in weight and mass. RP forms through a circadian-like process, occurring … [Read more...]
Parents Adopt Unhealthy Food Routines for Family Wellbeing in Place of Unaffordable Activities
New study study suggests a key reason parents on a low-income buy unhealthy foods for their families is to compensate for non-food related activities which support social wellbeing, but that they are unable to afford. The study from the Centre for Food Policy at City, University of London sheds light on the food buying habits of low-income parents across England. It looked … [Read more...]
Microneedling Beats Chemical Peels for Acne Scar Treatment
Chemical peels are a common treatment for acne scars, but a Rutgers study finds that microneedling is significantly more effective for patients with dark skin. Babar Rao, a professor of dermatology and pathology at Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and fellow researchers randomly assigned 60 patients with acne scars and dark skin -- Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype IV to VI -- … [Read more...]
NIH Experts Review Monkeypox Challenges
Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), and H. Clifford Lane, M.D., NIAID deputy director for clinical research and special projects, discuss a published case series (JP Thornhill et al.) detailing the symptoms and outcomes of 528 people with monkeypox from 16 countries in five continents. The authors note that … [Read more...]
Study Uncovers Differences in Saliva Bacteria of Students with Recent Suicidal Thoughts
While there is a growing body of research on mental health and the human microbiome, this is the first study to look at bacterial differences in the saliva of those with and without recent suicidal thoughts, also called suicidal ideation. Recent suicidal ideation was defined as thoughts of suicide within the two weeks before the saliva sample was taken. Controlling for the … [Read more...]
Insufficient Sleep in Teenagers is Associated with Overweight and Obesity
Adolescents who sleep less than eight hours a night are more likely to be overweight or obese compared to their peers with sufficient sleep, according to research presented at ESC Congress 2022. Shorter sleepers were also more likely to have a combination of other unhealthy characteristics including excess fat around the middle, elevated blood pressure, and abnormal blood lipid … [Read more...]
Benefits of Statin Therapy Highlighted
Stopping statin treatment early could substantially reduce lifetime protection against heart disease since a large share of the benefit occurs later in life. That's the finding of a modelling study presented at ESC Congress 2022.1 Lead author Dr. Runguo Wu of Queen Mary University of London, UK said: "The study indicates that people in their 40s with a high likelihood of … [Read more...]
Boost in Rates of Type 2 Diabetes Among Children During COVID-19 Pandemic
In a multi-site study of medical records, researchers at Johns Hopkins Children's Center and across the United States say they have documented a steep rise in type 2 diabetes among children during the COVID-19 pandemic. In a report on the findings, published Aug. 17 in The Journal of Pediatrics, the investigators note it is unclear whether the virus infection itself was a … [Read more...]
New Research to Reduce Harm of Gestational Diabetes
A study of over 4,000 pregnant New Zealand women suggests the country can improve babies' health and reduce medical risks for mums by changing how gestational diabetes is diagnosed. The study assessed the value of lowering the blood-sugar threshold for diagnosis. The University of Auckland researchers, based at the Liggins Institute, tested the blood-sugar level currently … [Read more...]
Leisure Time Activities may Lower Risk of Death for Older Adults
Older adults who participate weekly in many different types of leisure time activities, such as walking for exercise, jogging, swimming laps, or playing tennis, may have a lower risk of death from any cause, as well as death from cardiovascular disease and cancer, according to a new study led by researchers at the National Cancer Institute, part of the National Institutes of … [Read more...]
Body Posture Affects How Oral Drugs Absorbed by Stomach
A common, economic, and easy method of administering drugs is orally, by swallowing a pill or capsule. But oral administration is the most complex way for the human body to absorb an active pharmaceutical ingredient, because the bioavailability of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract depends on the medication's ingredients and the stomach's dynamic physiological … [Read more...]
Sleep is Linked to Heart Health
Sleep duration is now considered an essential component for ideal heart and brain health. Life's Essential 8™ cardiovascular health score replaces Life's Simple 7™, according to a new Presidential Advisory, Life's Essential 8 -- Updating and Enhancing the American Heart Association's Construct on Cardiovascular Health, published today in Circulation, the Association's flagship, … [Read more...]
Balancing Protein in Your Diet could Improve Water Quality
Protein consumption in the United States, from both plant and animal sources, ranks among the highest in the world. The study, published in the journal Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, said that if Americans ate protein at recommended amounts, projected nitrogen excretion rates in 2055 would be 27% less than they are today despite population growth. The study is … [Read more...]
The Effect of Breast Cancer Screening is Declining
Screening for breast cancer has a cost. This is shown by a Danish/Norwegian study that analysed 10,580 breast cancer deaths among Norwegian women aged 50 to 75 years. "The beneficial effect of screening is currently declining because the treatment of cancer is improving. Over the last 25 years, the mortality rate for breast cancer has been virtually halved," says Henrik … [Read more...]
Taking Vitamin D during Pregnancy Could Lower The Risk of Eczema in Babies
Taking Vitamin D supplements during pregnancy could substantially reduce the chances of babies up to a year old suffering from atopic eczema, according to a new study by University of Southampton researchers. The research, published in the British Journal of Dermatology, revealed that babies had a lower risk of developing atopic eczema in their first year if their mothers … [Read more...]
Daily Avocados Improve Diet Quality, Help Lower Cholesterol Levels, Study Finds
Eating one avocado a day for six months was found to have no effect on belly fat, liver fat or waist circumference in people with overweight or obesity, according to a new study. However, it did lead to a slight decrease in unhealthy cholesterol levels. In the randomized trial, the team -- including Penn State researchers -- also found that participants who ate avocados had … [Read more...]
Focus on Beta Cells Could be key to Preventing Type 1 diabetes
The study, published today in Cell Reports, describes how the researchers used genetic tools to knock out or delete a gene called Alox15 in mice that are genetically predisposed to developing type 1 diabetes. This gene produces an enzyme called 12/15-Lipoxygenase, which is known to be involved in processes that produce inflammation in beta cells. Deleting Alox15 in these mice … [Read more...]
Scientists Discover Key to Hepatitis A virus Replication, Show Drug Effectiveness
The viral replication cycle is crucial for a virus to spread inside the body and cause disease. Focusing on that cycle in the hepatitis A virus (HAV), UNC School of Medicine scientists discovered that replication requires specific interactions between the human protein ZCCHC14 and a group of enzymes called TENT4 poly(A) polymerases. They also found that the oral compound RG7834 … [Read more...]
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