Legalization of marijuana has been associated with increased use in women of childbearing age. Since tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), one of the active ingredients in marijuana, passes through breast milk, many neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) restrict the use of breast milk from THC-positive women because the effects on early preterm infants are unknown. However, science has … [Read more...]
Mushroom consumption may lower risk of depression
Mushrooms have been making headlines due to their many health advantages. Not only do they lower one's risk of cancer and premature death, but new research led by Penn State College of Medicine also reveals that these superfoods may benefit a person's mental health. Penn State researchers used data on diet and mental health collected from more than 24,000 U.S. adults between … [Read more...]
Scientists map brain circuit that drives activity in fertile females
Scientists have known for a century that female animals become more active just as they are about to ovulate, a behavior that evolved to enhance their chances of mating when they are fertile. Now, a team at UC San Francisco has identified the specific neurons and signaling pathway that make sexually receptive females of many species run around at this critical time. The … [Read more...]
Higher fasting ‘hunger hormone’ levels from healthy diet may improve heart health and metabolism
Fasting levels of the "hunger hormone" ghrelin rebound after weight loss and can help reduce belly fat and improve the body's sensitivity to insulin, according to a study published in the Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. Ghrelin is a stomach-derived hormone that stimulates appetite. Ghrelin levels rise during overnight fasting when a … [Read more...]
How Immunotherapy Changes Tumors
Johns Hopkins University engineers are the first to use a non-invasive optical probe to understand the complex changes in tumors after immunotherapy, a treatment that harnesses the immune system to fight cancer. Their method combines detailed mapping of the biochemical composition of tumors with machine learning. "Immunotherapy really works like magic and has fundamentally … [Read more...]
Onset of Allergies including asthma and hay fever not directly causally linked to mental health traits
Allergic diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis and hay fever do not cause the onset of mental health conditions or vice versa, according to the findings of a new University of Bristol-led study published today (6 October) in the journal Clinical and Experimental Allergy. While previous studies have reported an observational relationship between mental health and common … [Read more...]
Ranking Healthfulness of foods from first to worst
A scientific team at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts has developed a new tool to help consumers, food companies, restaurants, and cafeterias choose and produce healthier foods and officials to make sound public nutrition policy. Food Compass is a new nutrient profiling system, developed over three years, that incorporates cutting-edge science … [Read more...]
Scientists identify new therapeutic target in ovarian cancer subtype with poor prognosis
Mutations in the ARID1A gene are present in more than 50% of ovarian clear cell carcinomas (OCCC), for which effective treatments are lacking. Scientists at The Wistar Institute discovered that loss of ARID1A function enhances a cellular stress response pathway that promotes survival of cancer cells, which become sensitive to pharmacological inhibition of this pathway. These … [Read more...]
Novel assay finds new mechanism underlying red blood cell aging
Red blood cells are the most abundant cell type in blood, carrying oxygen throughout the human body. In blood circulation, they repetitively encounter various levels of oxygen tension. Hypoxia, a low oxygen tension condition, is a very common micro-environmental factor in physiological processes of blood circulation and various pathological processes such as cancer, chronic … [Read more...]
Gene for sex hormone synthesis could play key role in eczema
A study led by UT Southwestern dermatologists suggests that a common inflammatory skin condition may stem from poorly regulated sex hormones. The finding, published this week in PNAS, could offer an unexpected new target to fight this condition. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a form of eczema. AD affects up to 13% of children and 10% of adults, with an annual treatment cost of … [Read more...]
Meeting sleep recommendations could lead to smarter snacking
Missing out on the recommended seven or more hours of sleep per night could lead to more opportunities to make poorer snacking choices than those made by people who meet shut-eye guidelines, a new study suggests. The analysis of data on almost 20,000 American adults showed a link between not meeting sleep recommendations and eating more snack-related carbohydrates, added … [Read more...]
Researchers call for a focus on fitness over weight loss for obesity-related health conditions
The prevalence of obesity around the world has tripled over the past 40 years, and, along with that rise, dieting and attempts to lose weight also have soared. But according to a review article publishing September 20 in the journal iScience, when it comes to getting healthy and reducing mortality risk, increasing physical activity and improving fitness appear to be superior to … [Read more...]
Japanese Knotweed extract could cut cancer risk of processed meat
Bacon could be back on the menu of health-conscious diners thanks to an unlikely salvation: Japanese knotweed. The fast-growing plant, feared by homeowners for its ability to invade gardens and buildings, contains a chemical which could take the place of the nitrite preservative in cured meats such as bacon and sausages. Diets high in nitrite have been linked to a … [Read more...]
Scientists find a key to hepatitis C entry into cells
In a new paper published in Nature, scientists from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health, describe the structure of a key protein on the surface of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and how it interacts with its receptor found on some human cells. The findings provide new leads for developing an HCV vaccine. … [Read more...]
Antibiotic Levels Measurable in Breath
A team of engineers and biotechnologists at the University of Freiburg has for the first time shown in mammals that the concentration of antibiotics in the body can be determined using breath samples. The breath measurements also corresponded to the antibiotic concentrations in the blood. The team's biosensor -- a multiplex chip that allows simultaneous measurement of several … [Read more...]
Our Eyes and Brain Work Together to Create a ‘Pipeline’ of Meaning – New study
Humans read by 'pre-processing' written words to create a pipeline of meaning, according to new research at the University of Birmingham. A study, published in Nature Communications, shows that each pre-processing judgement can take place extremely rapidly -- within just 100ms after the eye lands on the previous word. The neuronal activity required to scan the next word in a … [Read more...]
Is Your Child a Fussy Eater?
Whether it's an exclusive appetite for 'white' foods or an all-out refusal on veggies, when you have a fussy eater on your hands, mealtime can be more than a challenge. While picky eating is all part of the norm for developing toddlers, when it extends into school years, it takes a toll on all involved, children and parents alike. Now, new research from USC, the … [Read more...]
MIND Diet Linked to Better Cognitive Performance
Aging takes a toll on the body and on the mind. For example, the tissue of aging human brains sometimes develops abnormal clumps of proteins that are the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. How can you protect your brain from these effects? Researchers at Rush University Medical Center have found that older adults may benefit from a specific diet called the MIND diet even when … [Read more...]
Prior Training can Accelerate Muscle Growth Even after Extended Idleness
According to a report by the American Psychological Association published in February 2021, 42% of American adults reported unintended weight gain since the COVID-19 pandemic began, averaging about 29 pounds. For those who are still struggling to get back on track with their exercise routine, there is encouraging news: new research from the University of Arkansas indicates … [Read more...]
For Psoriasis, Targeting Skin Protein may Help Control Inflammation
Results from a Michigan Medicine study reveal that targeting a protein found in the skin may reduce the severity of psoriasis. Interferons play a major role in activating the body's response to viral threats, but they have also been detected in the lesions of many psoriasis patients at abnormal levels. Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease that causes overproduction of skin … [Read more...]
New Evidence that Fetal Membranes can Repair Themselves After Injury
Scientists from Queen Mary University of London and UCL have shown that fetal membranes are able to heal after injury in a new study published today in Scientific Reports. The integrity of the fetal membranes that surround the baby in the womb during pregnancy is vital for normal development. But fetal membranes can become damaged as a result of infection, bleeding, or after … [Read more...]
Obstructive Sleep Apnea is Common in Kids and may Impact Blood Pressure, Heart Health
Obstructive sleep apnea, a form of sleep-disordered breathing, is common in children and adolescents and may be associated with elevated blood pressure and changes in heart structure, according to a new scientific statement from the American Heart Association, published today in the Journal of the American Heart Association. A scientific statement is an expert analysis of … [Read more...]
Dieting: Villain or scapegoat?
For decades, there has been an accepted definition of dieting in academia, and in society as a whole. Michael Lowe, PhD, a professor in Drexel University's College of Arts and Sciences, has recently reevaluated the decades of dieting research to redefine the way researchers and the public define -- and therefore understand -- dieting and the culture of weight loss. According … [Read more...]
Night Shift Work is linked to Increased Risk of Heart Problems
People who work night shifts are at increased risk of developing an irregular and often abnormally fast heart rhythm called atrial fibrillation (AF), according to research published in the European Heart Journal. The study is the first to investigate the links between night shift work and AF. Using information from 283,657 people in the UK Biobank database, researchers found … [Read more...]
New Biomarkers may Detect Early Eye Changes that can lead to Diabetes-Related Blindness
New biomarkers found in the eyes could unlock the key to helping manage diabetic retinopathy, and perhaps even diabetes, according to new research conducted at the Indiana University School of Optometry. During its early stages, diabetes can affect the eyes before the changes are detectable with a regular clinical examination. However, new retinal research has found that … [Read more...]
New Study Reveals that Children of Mothers with Diabetes During Pregnancy have an Increased Risk of Eye Problems
A new study published in Diabetologia (the journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes [EASD]) finds that mothers who have diabetes before or during their pregnancy are more likely to have children who go on to develop eye problems. The research is by Dr Jiangbo Du, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, … [Read more...]
Blood Clotting may be the Root Cause of Long COVID Syndrome, Research Shows
New evidence shows that patients with Long COVID syndrome continue to have higher measures of blood clotting, which may help explain their persistent symptoms, such as reduced physical fitness and fatigue. The study, led by researchers from RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, is published in the Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Previous work by the same … [Read more...]
C.D.C. Internal Report Calls Delta Variant as Contagious as Chickenpox
The Delta variant is much more contagious. More likely to break through protections afforded by the vaccines and may cause more severe disease than all other known versions of the virus, according to an internal presentation circulated within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dr. Rochelle P. Walensky, the director of the agency, acknowledged on Tuesday … [Read more...]
Gene Therapy an Option for Neuroprotection to Prevent Glaucoma Vision Loss
A form of gene therapy protects optic nerve cells and preserves vision in mouse models of glaucoma, according to research supported by NIH's National Eye Institute. The findings suggest a way forward for developing neuroprotective therapies for glaucoma, a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness. The report was published in Cell. Glaucoma results from irreversible … [Read more...]
Simone Biles Withdraws From Final All-around Gynastics at Tokyo Olympics
Defending champion Simone Biles has withdrawn from the final of the Olympic individual all-around gymnastics competition due to ongoing concerns over her mental health, USA Gymnastics confirmed on Wednesday. "After further medical evaluation, Simone Biles has withdrawn from the final individual all-around competition at the Tokyo Olympic Games, in order to focus on her mental … [Read more...]
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