Published in Clinical Nutrition, researchers from the University of Minnesota Medical School looked at colonic hydrogen sulfide -- a toxic gas in the body that smells like rotten eggs -- production in people in response to animal- and plant-based diet interventions. "Although the role of hydrogen sulfide has long been a subject of great interest in the pathogenesis of … [Read more...]
Large Study in Botswana Finds Daily Micronutrient Supplementation During Pregnancy Reduces Complications at Birth
Published in Lancet Global Health, the study was led by Ellen Caniglia, ScD, an assistant professor of Epidemiology in the Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, as well as investigators at the Botswana-Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. The … [Read more...]
Bye, bye, biopsy? Handheld device could Painlessly Identify Skin Cancers
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology are now developing a low-cost handheld device that could cut the rate of unnecessary biopsies in half and give dermatologists and other frontline physicians easy access to laboratory-grade cancer diagnostics. "We aren't trying to get rid of biopsies," said Negar Tavassolian, director of the Bio-Electromagnetics Laboratory at … [Read more...]
Promising Treatment For Dementia
Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a rapidly progressing destructive disease and can occur in people as young as 35 years of age. It is characterised by behavioural disturbances and personality changes and can be highly disruptive and distressing for both patients and their families. Currently there are no treatments or cures for bvFTD and typical survival … [Read more...]
Diets High in Fiber Associated with Less Antibiotic Resistance in Gut Bacteria
Microbes that have resistance to various commonly used antibiotics such as tetracycline and aminoglycoside are a significant source of risk for people worldwide, with the widely held expectation that the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) -- the term that refers to bacteria, viruses, and fungi that are resistant to antibiotics -- is likely to worsen throughout the coming … [Read more...]
Scientists Study Links Between Obesity, Age and Body Chemistry
According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data collected in 2017-18, more than 42% of U.S. adults and 19% of U.S. youths are obese. Three Clemson researchers and colleagues from the Emory University School of Medicine studied male mice that lacked the Cyp2b enzyme and how the lack of the enzyme affected the mice's metabolism. William Baldwin, a … [Read more...]
Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders Linked to Future Cardiac Events
Women who experienced complications related to developing high blood pressure, or hypertension, during pregnancy had a 63% increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease later in life, according to research funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), part of the National Institutes of Health. While hypertensive pregnancy complications previously … [Read more...]
Family Size May Influence Cognitive Functioning in Later Life
Until now fertility has not received much attention as a potential predictor of late-life cognition compared with other factors, such as education or occupation. The findings are published in the journal Demography. "Understanding the factors that contribute to optimal late-life cognition is essential for ensuring successful aging at the individual and societal levels -- … [Read more...]
Review of Pre-Eclampsia Care
Pre-eclampsia is a condition that affects up to 4% of women during pregnancy, and up to 8% of women during their lifetime. It includes high blood pressure (hypertension) and damage to a number of her body's organ systems, and remains one of the two main causes of death for pregnant and recently-pregnant women worldwide -- about 46,000 young women a year. Up to half a million … [Read more...]
A Healthy Lifestyle Helps to Prevent Gestational Diabetes in those at highest genetic risk
Researchers have developed a genetic-risk score for identifying individuals who would benefit the most from lifestyle counselling to prevent gestational and postpartum diabetes. Gestational diabetes is the most common health-related challenge during pregnancy. Today, it is diagnosed in every fifth expectant mother in Finland. Gestational diabetes has a significant impact on … [Read more...]
Active Brown Adipose Tissue Protects Against ‘Pre-Prediabetes’
Brown fat is a type of fat that is activated when a person gets cold, producing heat to warm the body. The presence of brown fat was initially recognized on oncologic FDG PET/CT scans, which are now the most commonly used technique for the in vivo detection of brown fat. Studies using PET with FDG and/or other fatty-acid tracers have demonstrated that brown fat consumes glucose … [Read more...]
Huge Study of Diverse Populations Advances Understanding of type 2 Diabetes
Ongoing worldwide research of diverse populations by an international team of scientists, including a University of Massachusetts Amherst genetic epidemiologist, has shed important new light on how genes contribute to type 2 diabetes. The study was published Thursday, May 12, in Nature Genetics. "Our findings matter because we're moving toward using genetic scores to weigh … [Read more...]
Chemical Compound Promotes Healthy Aging, Study Finds
A recently discovered chemical compound helped elderly mice with obesity lose fat and weight, add muscle and strength, reduce age-related inflammation and increase physical activity, a new study shows. The study, published in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, provides the first evidence that BAM15, a mitochondrial uncoupler, prevents sarcopenic obesity, or … [Read more...]
New Study Reveals that Healthy Plant-Based Diets are Associated with a Lower Risk of Developing Diabetes
The study was conducted by Professor Frank Hu and colleagues at the Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, and aimed to identify the metabolite profiles related to different plant-based diets and investigate possible associations between those profiles and the risk of developing T2D. A metabolite is a substance used or produced … [Read more...]
Antibiotic and Antiretroviral Drug Effects on Breast Milk
Infants carry a vast assemblage of bacteria, viruses and fungi in their guts. Combined, these microbes make up a complex ecology known as the gut microbiome, which plays a major role in health and disease throughout life. The initial source of these billions of microbes is the mother's breast milk. In a new study, Efrem Lim and his colleagues use next-generation sequencing … [Read more...]
Permanent Birth Control Methods for Women Have up to Six Percent Failure Rates
Hysteroscopic sterilization, a nonincisional procedure, was found to be as effective as minimally invasive laparoscopic sterilization in preventing pregnancy, but both methods had higher than expected failure rates, according to a new study led by an investigator at Weill Cornell Medicine. The comparative study, published April 12 in Fertility and Sterility, found that both … [Read more...]
Researchers Identify Potential New Treatment for Metabolic Syndrome
"In 2016, our lab discovered a hormone called asprosin, which stimulates appetite and increases blood glucose levels by acting on the hypothalamus and the liver," explained Atul Chopra, MD, PhD, senior author on the study, Investigator at the Harrington Discovery Institute and Associate Director of the Oxford-Harrington Rare Disease Center, Attending Medical Geneticist at UH, … [Read more...]
High Cardiovascular Risk is Associated with Symptoms of Depression
Cardiovascular disease and depression are thought to be closely related due to similar risk factors, including inflammation and oxidative stress. Although it has been shown that depression could be a risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease, studies analyzing the potential impact of cardiovascular health on developing depression are scarce. In the new study, the … [Read more...]
Obesity Significantly Increased Heart Failure Risk Among Women with Late Menopause
A woman's body produces less estrogen and progesterone after menopause, changes that can increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases including heart failure, according to the American Heart Association. Menopause typically occurs between the age of 45 and 55, however, the average age for natural menopause has increased by 1.5 years over the past six decades, according to some … [Read more...]
Exposure to a Group of Widely used ‘Forever Chemicals’ may Increase Diabetes Risk in Middle-Aged Women
PFAS are a group of more than 4,700 synthetic chemicals, first developed in the 1940s and which are widely used in industry as well as in consumer products such as non-stick cookware, water and stain-repellent coatings, food packaging, carpeting, firefighting foam, and even cosmetics. Their molecular structure is based on a linked chain of carbon atoms with one or more fluorine … [Read more...]
Treatment Prevents Hypoglycemia in Children with Hyperinsulinism
There are currently very few medical treatments for HI, and those treatments are of limited effectiveness while also associated with significant side effects," said senior study author Diva D. De León-Crutchlow, MD, Chief of the Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Director of the Congenital Hyperinsulinism Center at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. "We are very … [Read more...]
Plant-Based Omega-3s May Boost Heart Health, Reduce Risk of Heart Disease
In a comprehensive literature review, the researchers found that consuming ALA that is found in plant-based foods like walnuts and flaxseeds was associated with a 10% lower risk of cardiovascular disease and a 20% reduced risk of fatal coronary heart disease. Penny Kris-Etherton, Evan Pugh University Professor of Nutritional Sciences at Penn State, said the review suggests … [Read more...]
Scientists Develop Coated Probiotics that could be Effectively Delivered into the Human Gut
Probiotics are defined by the World Health Organisation as live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host[1]. They have been shown to help prevent infections of the urinary and digestive tracts, and to maintain a healthy gut flora, which is linked to reducing the risk of obesity and promoting overall … [Read more...]
Exercise Holds Even More Heart Health Benefits for People with Stress-Related Conditions
The research findings add to mounting evidence that exercise improves cardiovascular health by helping to activate parts of the brain that counteract stress. Overall, the study found that people who achieved the recommended amount of physical activity per week were 17% less likely to suffer a major adverse cardiovascular event than those who exercised less. These benefits were … [Read more...]
COVID-19 Infection Linked to Higher Risk of Neuropathy
In a study of more than 1,500 people who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 during the first year of the pandemic, the researchers found that those who tested positive for the virus were about three times more likely to report pain, numbness or tingling in their hands and feet as those with negative tests. The findings are reported online March 24 in the journal Pain. "Several … [Read more...]
New Study Reveals Why HIV Remains in Human Tissue Even After Antiretroviral Therapy
Thanks to antiretroviral therapy, HIV infection is no longer the life sentence it once was. But despite the effectiveness of drugs to manage and treat the virus, it can never be fully eliminated from the human body, lingering in some cells deep in different human tissues where it goes unnoticed by the immune system. Now, new research by University of Alberta immunologist … [Read more...]
A Novel Painless and Reliable Allergy Test
Approximately one third of the world's population suffers from one or more allergies, with the trend increasing every year. By far the most widespread form of allergy is the so-called type I allergy, also known as immediate-type allergy. This includes, for example, allergic rhinitis (hay fever), allergic asthma, food allergies, or allergies against insect venoms, pollen, … [Read more...]
Researchers Studying Ways to Ease Asthma Symptoms Caused by Seasonal Allergies
"Asthma has no cure and current treatments primarily focus on resolving the symptoms," said Ben Ulrich, PhD, lead author of the study. "While spending time in the high-risk asthma clinic at Riley Hospital for Children, I observed many patients had a more intermittent disease course. We went into the lab and developed models to more accurately define allergic memory and recall … [Read more...]
Exercise Post-Vaccine Bumps up Antibodies, New Study Finds
Researchers at Iowa State University found 90 minutes of mild- to moderate-intensity exercise directly after a flu or COVID-19 vaccine may provide an extra immune boost. In the newly published study, participants who cycled on a stationary bike or took a brisk walk for an hour-and-a-half after getting a jab produced more antibodies in the following four weeks compared to … [Read more...]
Eating Prunes may Help Protect against bone loss in older women
It's already well known that prunes are good for your gut, but new Penn State research suggests they may be good for bone health, too. In a research review, the researchers found that prunes can help prevent or delay bone loss in postmenopausal women, possibly due to their ability to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, both of which contribute to bone loss. "In … [Read more...]
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