Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine have identified a previously unknown mechanism that helps fortify the structure and tight junctions between epithelial cells -- a basic cell type that lines various body cavities and organs throughout the body, forming a protective barrier against toxins, pathogens and inflammatory triggers. Breaches of this … [Read more...]
Insight Into The Brain’s Control Of Hunger, Satiety
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) researchers have identified previously unknown neural circuitry that plays a role in promoting satiety, the feeling of having had enough to eat. The discovery revises the current models for homeostatic control -- the mechanisms by which the brain maintains the body's status quo -- of feeding behavior. Published online in Nature … [Read more...]
Blood Test Could Predict Best Treatment For Lung Cancer
A blood test could predict how well small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients will respond to treatment, according to new research published in Nature Medicine. Scientists, based at the Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute at The University of Manchester, isolated tumor cells that had broken away from the main cancer -- known as circulating tumour cells (CTCs) -- from … [Read more...]
Cesarean section children may have a greater risk of obesity
Children delivered by Cesarean section may have an increased risk for obesity compared to children born vaginally, according to research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2016. Compared to vaginally-delivered children, Cesarean-delivered children had 40 percent greater odds of becoming overweight or obese in childhood. This association was … [Read more...]
Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Respond Poorly to Biologics
A Mayo Clinic study is shedding light on why some rheumatoid arthritis patients respond poorly when treated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, part of a class of drugs called biologics. It comes down to proteins: specifically, a protein in the body that drives inflammation in the disease, the research found. The discovery is an important step toward better personalizing … [Read more...]
Moderate alcohol intake may slow good cholesterol’s decline
In a study of 80,000 healthy Chinese adults, moderate drinking was associated with slower declines in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or good cholesterol, over time, according to a preliminary study presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2016. Researchers followed alcohol consumption and HDL levels for more than six years in this … [Read more...]
High Protein Diet Linked To Heart Failure In Older Women
Women over the age of 50 who follow a high-protein diet could be at higher risk for heart failure, especially if much of their protein comes from meat, according to preliminary research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2016. Researchers evaluated the self-reported daily diets of 103,878 women between the ages of 50 and 79 years, from 1993 … [Read more...]
Highs And Lows of Regenerative Medicine
Nanoscale manipulation on the surface of materials could stimulate cells to differentiate into specific tissues -- eliminating the use of growth or transcription factors. Researchers are trying to find ways to control cellular response in vitro using engineered materials in a continuous pursuit to regenerate injured or diseased tissues. Recent studies have found that … [Read more...]
Early exposure to excess hormone causes genital defects in females
University of Florida researchers have identified cells targeted by a male hormone and found that an excess of that hormone at a specific time can cause genital defects in female mice. The findings appear in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The study identifies a window of fetal development and a type of cell targeted by masculinizing hormones that … [Read more...]
More frequent vaping among teens linked to higher risk of heavy cigarette smoking
In a study appearing in the November 8 issue of JAMA, Adam M. Leventhal, Ph.D., of the University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, and colleagues examined associations of e-cigarette vaping with subsequent smoking frequency and heavy smoking among adolescents. E-cigarette vaping is reported by 37 percent of U.S. 10th-grade adolescents and is … [Read more...]
Insulin Resistance Reversed By Removal Of Protein
By removing the protein galectin-3 (Gal3), a team of investigators led by University of California School of Medicine researchers were able to reverse diabetic insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in mouse models of obesity and diabetes. By binding to insulin receptors on cells, Gal3 prevents insulin from attaching to the receptors resulting in cellular insulin … [Read more...]
Low Vitamin D Levels linked to Higher Risk of Bladder Cancer
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of developing bladder cancer, according to a systematic review of seven studies presented at the Society for Endocrinology annual conference in Brighton. Though further clinical studies are needed to confirm the findings, the study adds to a growing body of evidence on the importance of maintaining adequate vitamin D … [Read more...]
Ovarian Transplantation Might Be Possible In Future
Approximately 11% of women worldwide suffer from premature ovarian failure. This can have many different causes: chemotherapy administered for a malignant disease might irreversibly damage the ovaries and, because of the advances in modern cancer therapy, the number of young women surviving cancer is on the increase. The women, some of whom are still very young, prematurely … [Read more...]
Miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy may trigger post-traumatic stress disorder
Women may be at risk of post-traumatic stress disorder following a miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy, suggests a new study. The team behind the research, from Imperial College London, say the findings suggest women should be routinely screened for the condition, and receive specific psychological support following pregnancy loss. In the study, published in the journal … [Read more...]
What Causes Inflammation In Diabetes?
Inflammation is one of the main reasons why people with diabetes experience heart attacks, strokes, kidney problems and other, related complications. Now, in a surprise finding, researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have identified a possible trigger of chronic inflammation. Too much fat in the diet promotes insulin resistance by spurring … [Read more...]
Canola Oil May Cut Your Belly Fat
Including canola oil in a healthy diet may help reduce abdominal fat in as little as four weeks, according to health researchers. "Visceral, or abdominal, fat increases the risk for cardiovascular disease, and is also associated with increased risk for conditions such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes," said Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Distinguished Professor of Nutrition, … [Read more...]
Sleep deprivation may cause people to eat more calories
Sleep deprivation may result in people consuming more calories during the following day, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis led by researchers at King's College London. The meta analysis combined the results of many previous small intervention studies to produce a more robust answer and found that sleep-deprived people consumed an average of 385 kcal per … [Read more...]
Workplace Workout Can Do Wonders!
Employees who participate in a workplace weight management program—even those without significant weight loss—have reduced health care costs and improved quality of life (QOL), reports a study in the November Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, official publication of the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM). Tzeyu L. … [Read more...]
How human eggs end up with the wrong number of chromosomes
One day before ovulation, human oocytes begin to divide into what will become mature eggs. Ideally, eggs are packaged with a complete set of 23 chromosomes, but the process is prone to error, especially with age. In a Review published October 20 in Trends in Cell Biology, researchers discuss the latest research on why many human oocytes frequently have a wrong number of … [Read more...]
Benefits of dental laser treatments
Researchers have developed computer simulations showing how lasers attack oral bacterial colonies, suggesting that benefits of using lasers in oral debridement include killing bacteria and promoting better dental health. In a study published in the journal Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, the researchers show the results of simulations depicting various laser wavelengths … [Read more...]
Cold Medicine Could Stop Cancer Spread, Study Reveals
Hokkaido University researchers have discovered that a nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug used for treating colds suppresses the spread of bladder cancers and reduces their chemoresistance in mice, raising hopes of a future cure for advanced bladder cancers. Bladder cancer is the seventh most common cancer in males worldwide. Every year, about 20,000 people in Japan are … [Read more...]
Personalized Fracture Risk Assessment Is Trending Now!
In people over 50 years of age, fractures are so common that for example one in three women will suffer a wrist, ankle or hip fracture during their life. Low-energy fractures caused by bone weakening are one manifestation of osteoporosis. These fractures are painful and considerably weaken the patient's quality of life and, in the worst case scenario, can even lead to … [Read more...]
Worked to death? Lack of control over high-stress jobs leads to early grave
Previous academic research has found that having greater control over your job can help you manage work-related stress. But it's never suggested that it was a matter of life and death -- until now. New research from the Indiana University Kelley School of Business finds that those in high-stress jobs with little control over their workflow die younger or are less healthy … [Read more...]
Most Tweeted Foods: What do tweets say about our health?
"Coffee" was the most tweeted food in the continental U.S. between mid-2014 to mid-2015 followed by "beer" then "pizza." Besides hinting at which foods are popular, tweets may reveal something about our health. Communities that expressed positive sentiments about healthy foods were more likely to be healthier overall. Scientists at the University of Utah surveyed nearly … [Read more...]
Eating Oats Can Lower Cholesterol, New Study Reveals!
Researchers have known for more than 50 years that eating oats can lower cholesterol levels and thus reduce a person's risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Studies during that time have focused on the impact of oats on levels of LDL (or "lousy") cholesterol, which collects in the walls of blood vessels where it can cause blockages or blood clots. But there is … [Read more...]
Intestinal diversity can prevent asthma
Children who develop asthma or allergies have an altered immune response to intestinal bacteria in the mucous membranes even when infants, according to a new study from Linköping University, Sweden, and Center for Advanced Research in Public Health, Spain. The results also suggests that the mother's immune defence plays a role in the development of asthma and allergies in … [Read more...]
Child Obesity On An Alarming Rise!
Researchers' global estimates indicate that by 2025, some 268 million children aged 5 to 17 years may be overweight, including 91 million obese, assuming no policy interventions have proven effective at changing current trends. Timed to coincide with this year's World Obesity Day, which is observed on October 11, investigators have also released data anticipating that … [Read more...]
Roadmap to get new cancer scans into clinic
A team of international scientists has outlined key recommendations for a global standard for scanning biomarkers in cancer -- to bridge the gap between research and the clinic, according to a new paper published in Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology today. Scans have transformed the way that doctors treat cancer patients and are integral to most key treatment decisions -- … [Read more...]
Viral particles support prophylactic vaccination against breast cancer
Artificial structures of tumour antigens, so-called mimotopes, applied in vaccinations of cancer patients can trigger a long-term immune response. For the vaccine, however, a carrier is required that triggers an immune response itself. A team of researchers from the Messerli Research Institute at the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, and the Medical University of Vienna … [Read more...]
Cardiovascular risk factor prevention should be addressed at all ages
Prevention of cardiovascular disease in mid- to later life in black and white Americans is an increasingly important health concern, according to a study from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke project recently published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. University of Alabama at Birmingham investigators and their colleagues found … [Read more...]
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